1 Samuel 19:11

Authorized King James Version

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Saul also sent messengers unto David's house, to watch him, and to slay him in the morning: and Michal David's wife told him, saying, If thou save not thy life to night, to morrow thou shalt be slain.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ also sent H7971
וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ also sent
Strong's: H7971
Word #: 1 of 23
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
שָׁא֨וּל Saul H7586
שָׁא֨וּל Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 2 of 23
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
מַלְאָכִ֜ים messengers H4397
מַלְאָכִ֜ים messengers
Strong's: H4397
Word #: 3 of 23
a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 4 of 23
near, with or among; often in general, to
בֵּ֤ית house H1004
בֵּ֤ית house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 5 of 23
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
לְדָוִ֗ד David's H1732
לְדָוִ֗ד David's
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 6 of 23
david, the youngest son of jesse
לְשָׁמְר֔וֹ to watch H8104
לְשָׁמְר֔וֹ to watch
Strong's: H8104
Word #: 7 of 23
properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc
מוּמָֽת׃ him and to slay H4191
מוּמָֽת׃ him and to slay
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 8 of 23
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
בַּבֹּ֑קֶר him in the morning H1242
בַּבֹּ֑קֶר him in the morning
Strong's: H1242
Word #: 9 of 23
properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
וַתַּגֵּ֣ד told H5046
וַתַּגֵּ֣ד told
Strong's: H5046
Word #: 10 of 23
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
לְדָוִ֗ד David's H1732
לְדָוִ֗ד David's
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 11 of 23
david, the youngest son of jesse
מִיכַ֤ל and Michal H4324
מִיכַ֤ל and Michal
Strong's: H4324
Word #: 12 of 23
mikal, saul's daughter
אִשְׁתּוֹ֙ wife H802
אִשְׁתּוֹ֙ wife
Strong's: H802
Word #: 13 of 23
a woman
לֵאמֹ֔ר him saying H559
לֵאמֹ֔ר him saying
Strong's: H559
Word #: 14 of 23
to say (used with great latitude)
אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 15 of 23
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
אֵ֨ינְךָ֜ H369
אֵ֨ינְךָ֜
Strong's: H369
Word #: 16 of 23
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
מְמַלֵּ֤ט If thou save H4422
מְמַלֵּ֤ט If thou save
Strong's: H4422
Word #: 17 of 23
properly, to be smooth, i.e., (by implication) to escape (as if by slipperiness); causatively, to release or rescue; specifically, to bring forth youn
אֶֽת H853
אֶֽת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 18 of 23
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
נַפְשְׁךָ֙ not thy life H5315
נַפְשְׁךָ֙ not thy life
Strong's: H5315
Word #: 19 of 23
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
הַלַּ֔יְלָה to night H3915
הַלַּ֔יְלָה to night
Strong's: H3915
Word #: 20 of 23
properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity
מָחָ֖ר to morrow H4279
מָחָ֖ר to morrow
Strong's: H4279
Word #: 21 of 23
properly, deferred, i.e., the morrow; usually (adverbially) tomorrow; indefinitely, hereafter
אַתָּ֥ה H859
אַתָּ֥ה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 22 of 23
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
מוּמָֽת׃ him and to slay H4191
מוּמָֽת׃ him and to slay
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 23 of 23
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

Analysis & Commentary

Saul also sent messengers unto David's house, to watch him, and to slay him in the morning: and Michal David's wife told him, saying, If thou save not thy life to night, to morrow thou shalt be slain.

Michal's warning 'If thou save not thy life to night, to morrow thou shalt be slain' reveals urgency and her choice of David over her father. The phrase 'save thy life' (malat nephesh) indicates mortal danger. Michal's loyalty forced her to deceive her royal father - a costly choice with long-term consequences for her relationship with both men. Love proved stronger than filial loyalty.

Historical Context

Women in ancient patriarchal societies faced severe consequences for defying male authority, especially royal fathers. Michal's intervention risked her own position and safety. Her warning initiated a series of deceptions that would temporarily save David.

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